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The digestive system consists of teeth and parodont, bones joints (two temporomandibular joints which hold the lower jaw), digestive muscles. Teeth and parodont get infected the most, that is why these parts are treated by dentists the most. Treatments of the teeth problems and parodont ease symptoms coming form other parts of the digestive system. This is why for example undetermined pain around ears can be caused by mistreatment of even only one tooth – injury of occlusion-articulate relations.
A tooth is made of enamel, dentine, concrete, pulp cavity. Enamel is the most external, transparently white layer, consisting mostly of inorganic materials. This makes it durable when chewing, also protects under laying tissues. Dentine has more organic substances, that is why it has yellow shade, from which comes the different color shades of teeth. Dentine is softer and its content is more like this in human”s bones. It overlays enamel, and nerve fibers has sense and constructive function – that is why there is so much pain involved if treatment is done without anaesthesia. Tooth pulp nurture the tooth itself and the most part of sensitivity comes from it – pulp infections involve even stronger pain
Around the tooth is located the parodont which is so to say holding the teeth in place. It consists of periodontium, all around tooth bone and gums. Periodontium is “the spring” of the tooth.. Important structure here are its collagen fibers, which during chewing are extended, i.e the tooth extends and not press the bone. This process is helped by big bloodstream, something like soft airbag around the tooth. This is of vital importance for teeth”s permanent stay in the mouth; in contrast to them implants are difficult producer of periodontium, put load on the bone, and this is common cause of teeth loss.
Gums protect and encapsulate the bone around the tooth and also participates in digestive process. Therefore it is completely rested on the bone, as very little part of it is uncovered – around tooth cervix – this place is called gum pocket. In cases of healthy parodont its normal depth is at maximum 2 mm.
The tooth bone is highly innervated and supplied with blood, which makes it very sensitive, but also fast healing area. This process results in quick spread of infections in not conducted or bad root treatment.